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A rule of thumb for distinguishing butterflies from moths in this country is to examine the antennae or feelers, although, when comparing Lepidoptera worldwide, this technique is not to be relied on. Generally, especially among those native to the UK, butterflies have clubbed feelers,whereas moths can have feelers of various kinds other than clubbed. There are moths that fly by day and the more brightly colored of them are sometimes mistaken for butterflies, but their feelers will distinguish them. Variations within a single species of butterfly often occur, and all kinds are liable to vary in their tint or markings, or sometimes both. These variations may at times be so slight as to be hardly noticeable, but in a fair proportion, the variation is quite striking. In such cases, unless the difference is extreme, it is possible to track all the intermediate stages between the ordinary form of a species and its most extreme variety. The coloring on the underside of a butterfly differs from that of the upper side and matches, or blends in with, its natural habitat to a remarkable degree. This is why, when they settle, you can see them with their wings positioned together upright over their back. The number of known species of butterflies throughout the world has been put at about thirteen thousand or more, but some believe there are several thousand more species as yet undiscovered.
